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Varghese Summersett
When nature calls, it can be tempting to answer it in the most convenient way possible. However, urinating in public can have serious consequences in Texas. While taking a leak may seem like a minor indiscretion, public urination is actually illegal, and it can result in fines, community service, and possibly a criminal record. Is Public Urination Illegal in Texas? [2023]

What is Public Urination in the Eyes of the Law?

Public urination, in the eyes of the law, falls under the category of Disorderly Conduct in the state of Texas. Specifically, Section 42.01 of the Texas Penal Code defines disorderly conduct as the act of “exposing his anus or genitals in a public place and is reckless about whether another may be present who will be offended or alarmed by his act.” This offense is typically considered a Class C misdemeanor in Texas, the lowest misdemeanor offense in the state. However, don’t let that classification fool you. The consequences of a Class C misdemeanor can be more significant than you might think. If you’re found guilty, you could possibly face a fine of up to $500 and a final conviction on your record. That’s a substantial financial and long-term burden to bear for a few moments of convenience. Class C Misdemeanor

Graver Consequences: Indecent Exposure and Lewdness

Depending on the circumstances, the location, if a minor is present, and the prosecutor’s discretion, a public urination could be charged as a more severe offense, such as Indecent Exposure or Lewdness. These charges carry significantly harsher consequences and may even lead to sex offender registration. Indecent Exposure: Under the Texas Penal Code, 21.08,  a person commits an offense if he exposes his anus or any part of his genitals with intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person, and he is reckless about whether another is present who will be offended or alarmed by his act. Consequences for this crime can land you up to six months in jail and a $2,000 fine.  Lewdness: Penal Code 21.07 defines this as an offense where a person knowingly engages in any of the following acts in a public place or, if not in a public place, he or she is reckless about whether another is present who will be offended or alarmed by his or her:
  • Act of sexual intercourse;
  • Act of deviate sexual intercourse; OR
  • Act of sexual contact.

public lewdness in Texas

Avoiding the Consequences

The best way to avoid the serious consequences of public urination in Texas is to plan ahead. Here are some tips to help you navigate these situations:
  1. Use Public Restrooms: Whenever possible, use designated public restrooms. Most public places, like parks, shopping centers, and restaurants, provide restroom facilities.
  2. Plan Ahead: If you know you’ll be in an area without accessible restrooms, plan accordingly. Try to use the facilities before leaving home or seek out restrooms at nearby businesses.
  3. Ask for Assistance: If you find yourself in a situation without restroom access, consider seeking help from a local business owner or law enforcement officer to find a suitable and legal place to relieve yourself.
In conclusion, while the temptation to urinate in public may arise, it’s crucial to resist that urge in Texas. The consequences, including fines, a potential criminal record, and even sex offender registration, make it a risk not worth taking. Instead, plan ahead, be responsible, and find a suitable, legal place to answer nature’s call to avoid these unwanted repercussions. However, if you do find yourself facing charges of this nature, call the attorneys at Varghese Summersett at 817-203-2220 to schedule a phone consultation where we can:
  • Discuss the facts of your case;
  • Discuss the legal issues involved, including the consequences of the allegation; and
  • Discuss the defenses that apply and in general terms discuss our approach to your case.
Varghese Summersett

In September 2023, the Texas legislature passed a child grooming law in an effort to protect minors from sexual abuse and exploitation before it happens. This law is aimed at preventing adults from developing connections with children for the purpose of gaining their trust and then sexually abusing or trafficking them.

Under this new law, individuals found guilty of grooming a child under the age of 18 could face up to 10 years in prison. However, the criminal defense attorneys at Varghese Summersett predict problems with Texas’ new law, which is ambiguous and overbroad.

In this article, we explain the new child sex crime law, possible penalties, potential problems – and the importance of securing a highly experienced criminal defense lawyer if you or a loved one is facing a charge of child grooming in Texas.

What is Child Grooming in Texas?

Child Grooming

“Child grooming” refers to the process by which an adult establishes a trustful relationship with a child, and sometimes with the child’s family, with the intention of later engaging in sexual abuse, exploitation, or trafficking. This process often involves a series of manipulative behaviors that may include :

  • Building Trust and Rapport: The abuser may initially present themselves as a friendly, harmless individual to gain the child’s trust. This can involve showing special attention, understanding, and sympathy towards the child.
  • Testing Boundaries: Gradually test and push the boundaries of appropriate behavior, often starting with seemingly innocent touches and escalating to more overtly sexual behavior.
  • Isolation: Efforts to isolate the child from friends, family, or peers, thereby making the child more dependent on the abuser for companionship and attention.
  • Secrecy: Encouraging the child to keep their relationship secret, often under the guise of it being a special bond that others wouldn’t understand.
  • Material or Emotional Bribery: Offering the child gifts, treats, or privileges. This can also include fulfilling the child’s needs or desires and making the child feel indebted or special.
  • Filling a Needed Role: The abuser might position themselves as a mentor, benefactor, or protector, especially in situations where the child lacks these figures in their life.
  • Desensitization to Touch and Sexual Topics: Gradually introducing sexual content or physical contact in a way that seems normal or accidental, reducing the child’s inhibitions and normalizing inappropriate behavior.
  • Creating Dependency: Making the child feel that they need the abuser, whether emotionally or materially, thus creating a sense of dependency.
  • Threats and Manipulation: As the abusive relationship develops, the abuser may use threats, guilt, or manipulation to keep the child silent and compliant.
  • Communication Control: Monitoring or controlling the child’s communications with others to maintain control over the child’s relationships and interactions.

These grooming behaviors are often subtle and insidious, making them difficult to detect early on.

new child grooming law in Texas

Texas’ New Child Grooming Law

As mentioned earlier, Texas’ child grooming law, which went into effect on September 1, 2023, targets adults who attempt to groom minors under the age of 18 for sexual abuse or exploitation.

The new law is defined in Section 15.032 of the Texas Penal Code, which states that a person commits an offense if he or she “knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces, or attempts to persuade, induce, entice, or coerce,” a child younger than 18 years of age to engage in sexual conduct or activity or to be a party to the conduct.

You can read the entire statute here, which is very confusing for laypeople to understand because it cross-references numerous other sections of the Texas Penal Code, including the sections on prostitution, trafficking, sexual offenses, and assaultive offenses.

is child grooming a criminal offense in Texas?

Problems with the Texas Child Grooming Law

As criminal defense attorneys, we see numerous problems with Texas’ new child grooming law. For starters, it’s overly broad and could subject people to prosecution for benign behaviors between an adult and a child. For example, could an adult be accused of child grooming if they take a minor to a Rated-R movie and buy them candy without any underlying sexual intent? Could a member of the LGBTQ community who teaches a young person about sexual orientation and gender be targeted for child grooming? It’s very subjective.

Furthermore, the statute uses the language “attempts to persuade” a child. What does this mean? Is buying a child a birthday present an attempt to persuade them? Is showing interest in their personal life an attempt to persuade them? The statute doesn’t provide clarity on this issue, leaving it open for interpretation.

This law gives prosecutors too much power and discretion to decide who gets charged with the offense. It’s not always clear where the line is between inappropriate behavior and criminal conduct. Law enforcement and prosecutors may have difficulty distinguishing between grooming behaviors and benevolent relationships. This ambiguity could lead to false accusations and wrongful arrests.

Punishment for Child Grooming in Texas

Third degree felony in Texas
Third-degree punishment range in Texas

In Texas, the charge of child grooming is a third-degree felony, punishable by 2 to 10 years in prison and a maximum $10,000 fine.

It’s important to point out that probation or deferred adjudication probation is also a possibility. The Texas Code of Criminal Procedure allows both judges and juries to grant probation for child grooming – as long as the sentence is less than 10 years and a deadly weapon was not used or displayed.  

Sex Offender Registration Not Required – Yet

As of the fall of 2022, child grooming has not been added to the list of offenses that require sex offender registration under Chapter 62 of the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure. However, the legislature can add it at any time. You can read more about sex offender registration here.

Statute of Limitations for Texas Child Grooming

Child grooming in Texas carries a three-year statute of limitations, which means a prosecutor has three years to bring charges against an individual.

Child Grooming Defenses

While facing child grooming charges can be terrifying, several defense strategies can be used depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding the case. It’s essential to consult with a skilled defense attorney experienced in handling child sex crimes to determine the best approach. Some possible defenses include:

Challenging the Law

As mentioned, we believe there are problems with the law that can be challenged on constitutional grounds. So far, this new law hasn’t been tested in court, so there are many unknowns.

Lack of Intent

To be convicted of child grooming, the prosecution must prove that the defendant had a specific intent to sexually abuse or exploit the child. If there is no evidence of this intent, it may be possible to argue that the defendant’s actions were misinterpreted or misunderstood.

Insufficient Evidence

Prosecutors must prove every element of a child grooming charge beyond a reasonable doubt. If there’s insufficient evidence to support one or more elements, the defense can fight to have the charges dropped or take it to trial and convince a jury to find you not guilty.

It’s important to remember that the best defense strategy will depend on the unique circumstances of each case. Consulting with an experienced North Texas defense attorney is crucial for understanding the available defenses and developing an effective strategy. 

what should you do if you are charged with child grooming in Texas

Arrested for Child Grooming? Contact Us.

If you have been accused of child grooming in Fort Worth, Dallas, or the surrounding areas, it’s imperative to have the best possible defense attorney in your corner. Not only are you facing possible jail time and a fine, but a conviction can have lasting consequences on your personal and professional life. At Varghese Summersett, we will do everything in our power to produce the most favorable outcome possible. Here’s how we can help:

  1. Expert Case Evaluation: Our team is made up of board-certified criminal attorneys and former prosecutors with extensive experience handling child sex crime cases. We will thoroughly review all the facts and circumstances of your case. This involves analyzing the evidence, identifying weaknesses in the prosecution’s claims, and strategizing the best defense approach tailored to your situation.
  2.  Challenge the New Law:  As mentioned, child grooming is a new Texas law, which hasn’t been tested in court yet. We will challenge the prosecution every step of the way.
  3. Negotiating Plea Deals: If it’s in the best interest of our clients, we will aggressively negotiate with prosecutors to secure the most favorable outcome possible. This can result in reduced charges or even the possibility of alternative dispositions, which can significantly decrease your exposure to punishment.
  4. Strong Courtroom Representation: We are fearless and aggressive trial attorneys known for producing favorable outcomes in even the most challenging cases. We will do everything within our power to challenge every aspect of the prosecution’s case and provide a solid defense on your behalf should your case go to trial.
  5. Protection of Your Rights: Throughout the legal process, we will ensure that your rights are upheld. Any procedural mistakes or rights violations by law enforcement can be grounds for case dismissal or reduced charges.
  6. Support and Guidance: Beyond the legal defense, our team provides compassionate support, ensuring you understand each step of the process. We’re here to answer any questions, address concerns, and provide reassurance during this challenging time.

At Varghese Summersett, we recognize the gravity of child grooming charges and their profound impact on a person’s life, liberty, and livelihood. Our approach is a combination of aggressive representation and compassionate counsel. When you choose us, you’re not just hiring a defense attorney but securing a dedicated advocate committed to protecting your future. Call 817-203-2220 now for a free consultation with a North Texas child grooming lawyer.

Varghese Summersett

More than 100 friends, family, and community members gathered for a ceremonial ribbon cutting on Tuesday at Varghese Summersett, marking the firm’s relocation to a larger, gorgeous new space.

Last month, the firm relocated from the 16th to the 7th floor of the One City Place Building, now occupying a newly renovated 15,000-square-foot space. The move, necessitated by the firm’s remarkable growth, reflects its commitment to providing unparalleled legal services to clients for years to come. 

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon Cutting Ceremony

“As we celebrate this new chapter, I am reminded that our journey to this point has truly been a collective effort,”  said Benson Varghese, founder and managing partner of the firm. “The success and growth of Varghese Summersett is attributed to the hard work and dedication of our entire team.  From those who have been with us since the firm’s inception to the new faces who have recently joined the VS family, each person has played an integral part on this path. I  am grateful for all of you  – and for the confidence and support of our clients who continue to trust us to handle the greatest challenges in their lives.”

The ribbon cutting event was sponsored, in part, by the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, which earlier this year named Varghese Summersett a “Small Business of the Year.”

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon Cutting Ceremony

Guests enjoyed champagne and hors d’oeuvres as they toured the modern, exquisitely decorated space, which features 36 glass offices, four gorgeous conference rooms, a state-of-the-art courtroom, collaborative workspaces, and stunning views of downtown Fort Worth. The new space houses three separate law divisions – Personal Injury, Family Law, and Criminal Defense – with room to expand.

The renovations for the sleek new space – which were designed by the firm’s co-owner, Anna Summersett – took six months to complete and involved a lot of thoughtful planning and meticulous attention to detail. Every aspect of the space was carefully curated to create an inviting, modern atmosphere that reflects the firm’s commitment to innovative legal strategies and exceptional client service. 

“This space is a reflection of our team and our culture – modern, dynamic, and forward-thinking,” Summersett said. “We wanted to create a space that not only inspires our team to do their best work, but also provides a comfortable and calming environment for our clients. We are proud of what we have accomplished so far and excited about the future of Varghese Summersett. The sky truly is the limit.”

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon Cutting Ceremony

Varghese Summersett

More than 100 friends, family, and community members gathered for a ceremonial ribbon-cutting on Tuesday at Varghese Summersett, marking the firm’s relocation to a larger, gorgeous new space.

Last month, the firm relocated from the 16th to the 7th floor of the One City Place Building, now occupying a newly renovated 15,000-square-foot space. The move, necessitated by the firm’s remarkable growth, reflects its commitment to providing unparalleled legal services to clients for years to come. 

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony

“As we celebrate this new chapter, I am reminded that our journey to this point has truly been a collective effort,”  said Benson Varghese, founder and managing partner of the firm. “The success and growth of Varghese Summersett is attributed to the hard work and dedication of our entire team.  From those who have been with us since the firm’s inception to the new faces who have recently joined the VS family, each person has played an integral part on this path. I  am grateful for all of you  – and for the confidence and support of our clients who continue to trust us to handle the greatest challenges in their lives.”

The ribbon-cutting event was sponsored, in part, by the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, which earlier this year named Varghese Summersett a “Small Business of the Year.”

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony

Guests enjoyed champagne and hors d’oeuvres as they toured the modern, exquisitely decorated space, which features 36 glass offices, four gorgeous conference rooms, a state-of-the-art courtroom, collaborative workspaces, and stunning views of downtown Fort Worth. The new space houses three separate law divisions – Personal Injury, Family Law, and Criminal Defense – with room to expand.

The renovations for the sleek new space – which were designed by the firm’s co-owner, Anna Summersett – took six months to complete and involved a lot of thoughtful planning and meticulous attention to detail. Every aspect of the space was carefully curated to create an inviting, modern atmosphere that reflects the firm’s commitment to innovative legal strategies and exceptional client service. 

“This space is a reflection of our team and our culture – modern, dynamic, and forward-thinking,” Summersett said. “We wanted to create a space that not only inspires our team to do their best work, but also provides a comfortable and calming environment for our clients. We are proud of what we have accomplished so far and excited about the future of Varghese Summersett. The sky truly is the limit.”

Varghese Summersett Celebrates New Space with Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony

Varghese Summersett

Fort Worth Auto Theft Attorney | Stolen Cars in North Texas

Motor vehicle theft is on the rise in Fort Worth, where the number of stolen cars has increased by 33.7 percent from the same period last year.  According to Fort Worth Police Department’s 2023 2nd Quarter Crime Report, there were 1052 motor vehicle thefts from April to June, compared to 766 during the same three months in 2022.

Whenever there is an increase in a specific crime, law enforcement will intensify their efforts to address and combat the problem. Prosecutors often follow suit by trying to make an example out of defendants in an effort to deter others from committing the same crime.

That’s why it’s extremely important if you or a loved one has been arrested for a Fort Worth auto theft to contact an experienced vehicle theft attorney. At Varghese Summersett, we have vast experience defending vehicle theft cases in the Fort Worth-North Texas region.

In this article, we explain the law, potential penalties, defense strategies, and the significance of securing a top-tier criminal defense lawyer if you or a loved one is facing Fort Worth auto theft charges.

Texas Auto Theft Charges

Understanding Texas Vehicle Theft Laws

In Texas, there is not a specific statute that specifically addresses auto theft. Instead, the offense is covered under the general theft statute in Section 31.03 of the Texas Penal Code.

Under this statute, a person commits theft – including Fort Worth auto theft – if he or she unlawfully appropriates property with the intent to deprive the owner of the property. Property is unlawfully appropriated if it is:

  • taken without the actual owner’s explicit consent;
  • stolen property and the actor knows it’s stolen but takes it anyway; or
  • stolen property  in the custody of law enforcement and the actor takes it knowing it was stolen by another.

In layman’s terms, if you take something that isn’t yours with no intention of giving it back – including a motor vehicle – you are committing theft in Texas.

Penalties for Vehicle Theft in Texas

The punishment for vehicle theft in Texas depends on the amount of the stolen car. For example, if the car is worth $50,000, it is a third-degree felony, punishable by 2 to 10 years in prison and a $10,000 fine. Here’s a breakdown of the possible consequences based on theft value:

Stolen AmountOffense ClassificationPenalty
Less than $100Class C misdemeanorFine up to $500
$100 to $749Class B misdemeanorUp to 180 days in jail & $2,000 fine
$750 to $2,499Class A misdemeanorUp to 1 year in jail & $4,000 fine
$2,500 to $29,999State jail felony180 days to 2 years in jail & $10,000 fine
$30,000 to $149,999Third-degree felony2 to 10 years in prison & $10,000 fine
$150,000 to $299,999Second-degree felony2 to 20 years in prison & $10,000 fine
$300,000 or moreFirst-degree felony5 to 99 years in prison & $10,000 fine

In addition to possible jail time and fines, a conviction can lead to secondary repercussions like a blemished record and challenges getting a job, housing or a loan. If you have been accused of stealing a car in Fort Worth, it’s crucial to contact an experienced Fort Worth auto theft lawyer with a proven record of success.

Auto Theft v. UUMV
The Difference between Auto Theft from UUMV

While they might seem similar, vehicle theft and Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle (UUMV) are different. Vehicle theft occurs when someone takes a vehicle and has no intention of returning it; UUMV occurs when someone takes a vehicle without the owner’s consent.

For instance, UUMV situations often arise when, say, a teenager takes their parent’s car without permission. UUMV is categorized under Section 31.07 of the Texas Penal Code and is colloquially termed “joyriding”.

Punishments differ between the two, with UUMV being categorized as a state jail felony, punishable by six months to 2 years in a state jail. Conversely, vehicle theft penalties vary based on the car’s worth.

Fort Worth Auto Theft Defense

While facing auto theft charges in Fort Worth can be daunting, several defense strategies can be employed depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding the case. It’s essential to consult with an experienced defense attorney to determine the best approach. Some possible defenses include:

Lack of Intent: A key element in auto theft is the intent to permanently deprive the owner of their vehicle. If a person took a vehicle believing they had permission or without intending to keep it permanently, they might argue they lacked the necessary intent to commit auto theft.

Consent: If the defendant had permission from the vehicle owner to use it, they could argue that they did not commit theft. Proof of this consent, such as messages or eyewitnesses, can be beneficial.

Mistaken Identity: Due to the chaotic nature of theft incidents, misidentifications sometimes occur. If a defendant can provide a solid alibi or evidence that they were not at the scene of the crime, this may be a viable defense.

Insufficient Evidence: Prosecutors must prove every element of an auto theft charge beyond a reasonable doubt. If there’s insufficient evidence to support one or more of these elements, the defense can move to have the charges dropped or reduced.

Duress: If the defendant was under immediate threat or harm and stole the vehicle as a result, they might use duress as a defense. However, this can be challenging to prove and is context-specific.

Claim of Right: In some situations, a person might genuinely believe they have a right to the vehicle, either due to a misunderstanding or a belief they are reclaiming their property. While rare, this defense asserts that there was a good faith belief in ownership or entitlement.

Temporary Use: If the defendant can demonstrate that they only intended to use the vehicle temporarily and not permanently deprive the owner of it, it might reduce the charges or lead to a dismissal. This defense is similar to the “lack of intent” but focuses on the temporary nature of the use.

It’s important to remember that the best defense strategy will depend on the unique circumstances of each case. Consulting with a experienced Fort Worth defense attorney is crucial for understanding the available defenses and developing an effective strategy.

Call for a Free Consultation with a Fort Worth Auto Theft Defense Attorney

If you have been accused of stealing a car in Fort Worth, it’s imperative to have the best possible defense attorney in your corner. Not only are you facing possible jail time and a fine, but a conviction can have lasting consequences on your personal and professional life. At Varghese Summersett, we will do everything in our power to produce the most favorable outcome possible. Here’s how we can help:

  1. Expert Case Evaluation: Our team is made up of board certified criminal attorneys and former prosecutors who will thoroughly review all the facts and circumstances of your case. This involves analyzing the evidence, identifying weaknesses in the prosecution’s claims, and strategizing the best defense approach tailored to your situation.
  2.  Knowledge of Local Laws and Regulations: Texas has its unique set of laws and regulations when it comes to auto theft. Our attorneys are deeply familiar with Texas law, as well as local judicial procedures, ensuring that you receive a defense that’s both knowledgeable and locally relevant.
  3. Negotiating Plea Deals: If it’s in the best interest of the client, our attorneys are adept at negotiating plea bargains. This can result in reduced charges or even the possibility of alternative sentencing, which can significantly decrease the penalties faced.
  4. Strong Courtroom Representation: Should your case go to trial, our attorneys have extensive experience successfully defending clients in court. We understand the importance of a compelling narrative and will present your case in the most favorable light, challenging the prosecution at every step.
  5. Protection of Your Rights: Throughout the legal process, we will ensure that your rights are upheld. Any procedural mistakes or rights violations by law enforcement can be grounds for case dismissal or reduced charges.
  6. Support and Guidance: Beyond the legal defense, our team provides compassionate support, ensuring you understand each step of the process. We’re here to answer any questions, address concerns, and provide reassurance during this challenging time.

At Varghese Summersett, we recognize the gravity of auto theft charges and the profound impact they can have on a person’s life. Our approach is rooted in a combination of aggressive representation and compassionate counsel. When you choose us, you’re not just hiring an attorney; you’re securing a dedicated advocate committed to preserving your future. Call 817-203-2220 now for a free consultation with a Fort Worth auto theft lawyer.

Be Proactive in Your Defense

Varghese Summersett

Getting pulled over by police is nerve-wracking under any circumstance, but what happens if you get stopped and you have marijuana, a gun, or an open container of alcohol in the vehicle?  In this article, the board certified criminal attorneys at Varghese Summersett explain the potential consequences of a Texas traffic stop if you have if you have prohibited substances, firearms, or alcohol in your possession.

texas traffic stop

Scenario 1: Texas Traffic Stop and the Smell of Marijuana 

If you are stopped by police in Texas, and the officer smells marijuana, they have the right to search your vehicle – even without a warrant or consent of the owner.

Legal Basis and Implications

In Texas, marijuana is still illegal. That means if an officer smells marijuana, they have probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed and can search your vehicle. People sometimes wrongly believe that an officer has to have a warrant to search your property. This is true if it is your home, but it does not apply to your vehicle.

Officers have the ability to search your vehicle under what is commonly referred to as the “automobile exception” to the 4th Amendment. This exception is predicated on the rationale that because drivers can take off, securing a warrant is often impractical and could potentially allow for the destruction or removal of evidence. Therefore, when there is probable cause—such as the smell of marijuana emanating from the vehicle—officers in Texas have the legal authority to perform a search promptly and without a warrant, aligning with the stipulations of the “automobile exception.”

If marijuana is discovered during the search, the individual can be charged with possession of marijuana, which can range from a Class B misdemeanor to a felony, depending on the amount found. If any other incriminating evidence or illegal items are discovered during the search, such as unlawful firearms, drugs or stolen property, additional charges can be brought.

Odor of Marijuana (vs. Hemp) as Reasonable Suspicion for a Stop

Challenging reasonable suspicion based on the odor of marijuana in Texas, particularly after the enactment of House Bill 1325 on June 10, 2019, involves a nuanced legal argument that underscores the inherent difficulty in distinguishing between legal hemp and illegal marijuana without specific laboratory testing.

The pivotal aspect of HB 1325, which differentiates hemp from marijuana based on a THC concentration threshold of 0.3 percent, becomes a crucial point of contention in establishing the legitimacy of reasonable suspicion solely based on odor. Given that both hemp and marijuana emanate a similar scent, officers are unable to definitively ascertain the legality of the substance in question merely through smell. This inability to differentiate between the odors of hemp and marijuana, and thereby determine the legality of the substance, brings the constitutionality of searches and seizures based on such suspicion into question, invoking considerations related to the Fourth Amendment.

Texas Traffic Stop: What if You Have Drugs, Guns or Alcohol?

Scenario 2: Unlawful Carrying of a Weapon During a Texas Traffic Stop

In Texas, having a gun in your vehicle is generally legal in Texas – unless you are committing an offense higher than a Class C misdemeanor, are a gang member, or are otherwise prohibited from possessing a firearm. In this section, we discuss Unlawful Carrying of a Weapon (UCW) and a Texas traffic stop.

In Texas, if you are pulled over and police discover you are committing some other type of crime, you can be charged with Unlawful Carrying of a Weapon (UCW) in addition to whatever other crime you are committing.

Understanding the Law & Possible Charges

Under Texas Penal Code § 46.02, it is illegal to carry a weapon while committing an offense that is more than a Class C misdemeanor (which is a ticket.) Unlawful carrying of a weapon is generally a Class A misdemeanor punishable by up to a year in jail and a $4,000 fine. Below are examples of how someone can be charged with UCW during a traffic stop.

  • Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)
    If a driver is stopped and found to be intoxicated and there is a gun in the vehicle (even if it’s in a locked glove box or console), they can face UCW charges along with the DWI charge.
  • Possession of a controlled substance
    If a driver is stopped for a traffic violation and subsequently found to be in possession of a controlled substance (a THC vape pen, cocaine, methamphetamine, etc.) while having a gun in the vehicle, this can lead to a UCW charge along with drug charges.
  • Evading Arrest
    If a driver attempts to flee police and is apprehended with a weapon in their vehicle, they can be charged with UCW in conjunction with evading arrest.
  • Engaging in Organized Crime
    Under Texas Penal Code § 46.02, a person commits an offense of Unlawful Carrying Weapons if the person intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly carries on or about his or her person a handgun, illegal knife, or club if the person is a member of a criminal street gang. This means if a person, identified as a gang member, is found with a gun in their car, they can be charged with Unlawful Carrying of Weapons, regardless of whether they are committing another crime at the time or not.

Texas Traffic Stop: What if You Have Drugs, Guns or Alcohol?

Scenario 3: Open Container and a Texas Traffic Stop

In Texas, it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol a vehicle while it is on a public roadway. This means that even if you are not drinking, having an open bottle or can of alcohol in your car can lead to legal trouble. So what happens if you are pulled over for a traffic stop and the officer finds an open container of alcohol in your vehicle?

Possible Consequences

If an open container is found during a Texas traffic stop, it can result in a Class C misdemeanor and a fine of up to $500. This may not seem like much compared to other criminal offenses, but having this charge on your record can still have negative consequences. It could also lead to a larger fine and potential jail time if the traffic stop was a result of another offense, such as Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) or possession of drugs.

Texas Traffic Stop: What if You Have Drugs, Guns or Alcohol?Scenario 4: Searching a Passenger’s Personal Belongings

In Texas, the rules governing the search of a passenger’s personal belongings during a traffic stop are dictated by the Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Establishing Probable Cause or Consent

Officers may not arbitrarily search a passenger or his or her personal belongings. To legally conduct a search, law enforcement must either obtain the passenger’s clear and voluntary consent or establish probable cause that the passenger is involved in criminal activity or possesses evidence of a crime in their belongings.

For example, if an officer smells marijuana during a traffic stop and the passenger has a backpack on the backseat, they may have probable cause to search that backpack. However, if the passenger consents to the search or denies consent but is arrested and their belongings are searched as part of a lawful arrest, then any evidence found can be used against them in court.

For an officer to search a passenger’s belongings without consent, there must be specific and articulable facts leading to a reasonable belief or suspicion that the passenger is involved in criminal activity. A mere traffic violation committed by the driver does not inherently grant the officer the right to search a passenger’s personal items.

Asserting Your Rights

Passengers have the right to respectfully decline a search of their personal belongings if the officer does not have a warrant, there is no probable cause, or exigent circumstances are not present. Passengers can ask if they are free to leave and should clearly and unequivocally state that they do not consent to a search.

Protecting Your Rights with Varghese Summersett

Facing charges stemming from a traffic stop or search in Texas can be a frightening experience, with potential long-term consequences. At Varghese Summersett, our team of seasoned attorneys will meticulously evaluate every facet of the traffic stop, search, and subsequent proceedings to ascertain any violations of your rights or procedural problems.

We will scrutinize the legitimacy of the stop, the conduct of the search, and the foundations of any charges levied against you. If there is an issue, we will find it and use it to your advantage. Our goal is always to achieve the best possible result for our clients, whether it be a dismissal of charges or a reduction of penalties. Call us today at 817-203-2220 for a free consultation with an experienced attorney.

 

Varghese Summersett

Varghese Summersett has been named a “Small Business of the Year” by the Fort Worth Chamber, a distinguished award that recognizes and honors small businesses that have demonstrated exemplary best practices of entrepreneurship.

The award recipients were announced on Friday, October 6, during Fort Worth Mayor Mattie Parker’s annual “State of the City” event at the Fort Worth Convention Center.  Mark Nurdin, President and CEO of Bank of Texas-Fort Worth, presented the awards before a sold-out crowd of more than 1000 attendees.

“Small businesses are the lifeblood of a growing economy and essential for Fort Worth,” Nurdin told the audience. “They drive innovation, create jobs, and fuel growth, so their success is success for Fort Worth. Bank of Texas is honored to support and empower these small businesses, and many others, as they continue to innovate and thrive.”

Varghese Summersett Named 2023 Small Business of the Year
 (VS Managing Partner Benson Varghese, Fort Worth Mayor Mattie Parker and VS Partner Anna Summersett) 

Twelve small business finalists were invited to the event, where 5 winners were announced in categories based on size and stages of development. Varghese Summersett won in the category of 21 to 50 employees.

Benson Varghese and Anna Summersett
      (Benson Varghese and Anna Summersett)

“Being named a ‘Small Business of the Year’ by the Fort Worth Chamber is an incredible honor,” said Benson Varghese, Managing Partner of Varghese Summersett. “When I started out, nearly a decade ago, I knew Fort Worth was the place to be. The incredible growth that we’ve seen is a reflection of what is happening in Fort Worth. We’re privileged to help good folks in this community through the toughest times in their lives.

“This award is for every member of our team who works tirelessly to uphold our commitment to excellence by providing unmatched service and obtaining unparalleled outcomes for our clients. I couldn’t be prouder, and I am thankful to the Chamber for recognizing those efforts.”

The Fort Worth Chamber presented its first awards for Small Business of the Year (SBOY) in 1998 and the prestigious program has continued to evolve. The annual awards are presented to businesses that have demonstrated exemplary best practices of entrepreneurship, including sound business planning, fiscal responsibility, and work process innovation.

This year, the first round of judging utilized blind assessments, where the judges evaluated the companies without being aware of their names. The selection process criteria included talent attraction and retention (45 percent); business challenges and solutions (30 percent); and community engagement and diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) initiatives.

Varghese Summersett Named 2023 Small Business of the YearFrom there, the judges nominated 12 finalists – 3 in each category, who  attended in-person interviews with a panel of community leaders. The finalists were also invited to attend a newly-created “Small Business of the Year Showcase,” which was held before the State of the City address and allowed the businesses to showcase their services or products.

After the Small Business Showcase, the finalists and members of their team were asked to attend the State of the City event, where the winners were announced in the following categories:

Divine Intervention Recovery: Emerging Business

6th Avenue Storytelling: 1-20 Employees

Varghese Summersett: 21 – 50 Employees

Ampersand Coffee and Auticon USA: 51-100 Employees (co-winners)

Steve Montgomery, President and CEO of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, extended congratulations to the 2023 award recipients for the exceptional achievements and their invaluable contributions to our community.

“Fort Worth has always been a city that champions its small business,” Montgomery said. “We take immense pride in recognizing the hard work, dedication, and innovation demonstrated by Divine Intervention, 6th Avenue Storytelling, Varghese Summersett, Ampersand Coffee, and Auticon USA. These businesses epitomize the entrepreneurial spirit that rules Fort Worth’s prosperity.”

Varghese Summersett Named 2023 Small Business of the Year
(From left to right: VS Partners Ty Stimpson, Tiffany Burks, Anna Summersett, Benson Varghese, Turner Thornton

About Varghese Summersett

Headquartered in downtown Forth Worth, Varghese Summersett is a premiere criminal defense, personal injury, and family law practice dedicated to helping people through life’s greatest challenges. The firm’s roster is full of highly-experienced, award-winning attorneys committed to providing exceptional legal services. Varghese Summersett has more than 680 5-Star Google reviews and has been named a “DFW Favorite,” a “Best Place to Work,” and a “Best Place for Working Parents,” among numerous other accolades. 

Varghese Summersett

Since January 1, 2016, Texas has allowed “open carry” — or wearing weapons in plain view in belt or shoulder holsters. That law was passed even though 75 percent of Texas police chiefs expressed opposition to open carry. Since then, lawmakers have passed more gun-related laws, several of which went into effect on September 1, 2019, and further loosened restrictions on open carry in Texas.

Now most Texans can carry a handgun in public without a special license to carry. Texans can also get a License to Carry (LTC) for additional benefits.

Who Can Open Carry in Texas?

Generally, Texans can carry in Texas if they meet the following requirements

  • Be at least 21 years old
  • Not have a prior felony conviction for which the punishment ended in the last five years and even after five years only at the person’s residence
  • Not be a member of a criminal street gang
  • Not have a conviction for family violence for which the punishment ended in the last five years
  • Not be subject to a protective order
  • Not be prohibited from carrying a firearm under federal law
  • Not be intoxicated other than inside one’s residence or inside one’s vehicle. (If you drive while intoxicated, that is unlawful carry of a weapon.)

18-year-olds and Open Carry in Texas 

A federal judge has ruled that it is unconstitutional for Texas to make it illegal for 18-20-year-olds to open carry in Texas. Texas has decided not to appeal that decision, so although Texas law says you have to be 21 to open carry, 18-20-year-olds are not going to be prosecuted under the current state of the law. 

Read the entire opinion here:

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Learn about: Campus Carry in Texas

Open Carry Laws that went in effect September 2019

Here’s a quick rundown of new laws that went into effect on Sept. 1, 2019, in Texas.

  • Senate Bill 535: allows Texans to carry guns in churches and other places of worship unless banned by those places with proper signage
  • Senate Bill 741: prohibits property owners’ associations from banning storage of guns on rental properties
  • House Bill 121: provides a legal defense for licensed handgun owners who unknowingly enter an establishment that bans firearms as long as they leave when asked
  • House Bill 302: prohibits landlords from banning renters and their guests from carrying firearms in lease agreements
  • House Bill 1387: loosens restrictions on the  number of school marshals who can carry guns at public and private schools in Texas
  • House Bill 1177: allows Texans to carry handguns without a license during a state of disaster
  • House Bill 1143: prohibits school districts from banning licensed gun owners from storing guns in their vehicle in parking lots
  • House Bill 2363: allows certain foster homes to store guns in locked locations.

Who Can Get a License to Carry in Texas?

A license to carry gives you additional rights, such as the ability to carry in a secured area like an airport, on a college campus, at a government meeting etc.

Generally, a person who has been a resident of the state for at least six months, who is at least 21 and has not been convicted of a felony and is of sound mind, may apply for a License to Carry. The exhaustive list of eligibility requirements includes:

  • Age 21 or older, although certain military exemptions apply for servicemen and women;
  • No felony convictions;
  • You do not have a pending disorderly conduct charge;
  • You are not being charged with felony;
  • You have not a fugitive for anything other than a warrant based on a Class C citation;
  • You are not chemically dependent;
  • You are capable of exercising sound judgment with respect to the proper usage and storage of a handgun;
  • You have not been convicted of any level of disorderly conduct in the last five years;
  • You have not been convicted of any Class A or Class B offense in the last five years;
  • You have never been convicted of a felony;
  • You are qualified under federal law to purchase a firearm; (See 18 USC 44 §922.)
  • You are not delinquent in making child support payments;
  • You are not delinquent in paying your taxes;
  • You are not subject to a protective order;
  • You have not been adjudicated as having engaged in delinquent conduct in the last 10 years;
  • You did not lie on your application.

Do I Need a License to Carry for Long Guns?

Long guns do not require a license to carry. The law only applies to handguns.

Can an Officer Stop Me for No Reason Other Than to Ask for my License to Carry?

No. An officer may not stop a person simply to determine if they have a License to Carry. While they may make a consensual encounter, the person with whom they are talking has the right to walk away, not answer questions, and not show their License to Carry.  On the other hand, if the officer has reasonable suspicion or probable cause that an offense has or is occurring, they may legally stop that person. If you are legally stopped and asked then you must show the officer your License to Carry.

What If I Refuse to Show an Officer my License to Carry?

If a police officer has a valid reason to stop you and then asks to see your License to Carry, failure to show your license is a violation of Government Code Section 411.205. However, the penalty that existed for this offense was removed by the legislature. (A previous version of the statute provided that failure to show a license to carry will result in a suspension of the license for a period of 90 days. A subsequent offense was a Class B misdemeanor.) For now, it is a violation without a penalty.

How Will a Criminal Conviction Affect my Ability to Get a License to Carry Under Texas law?

  1. A conviction for a Class C disorderly conduct charge will result in a five-year suspension in the ability to obtain a License to Carry.
  2. Any Class B or Class A conviction will result in a five-year suspension in the ability to obtain a license to carry.
  3. Any felony conviction will result in the loss of the privilege to obtain a license to carry.

Can I Carry a Handgun on a University Campus?

Yes, but the firearm must be concealed when carrying on campus, which means it must be hidden in a holster, tucked in a backpack or purse. Institutions of higher learning do not allow open carry. You cannot openly carry a gun on campus. Learn more in this video with Board Certified Criminal Defense Lawyer Benson Varghese:

The law still prohibits the carry of firearms (and other weapons) in the following locations:

  1. A polling place
  2. A court or office used by a court
  3. A racetrack
  4. In the secured area of an airport
  5. Within 1,000 feet of a state execution.

Until August 1, 2016, Penal Code 46.035 prohibited the carry of a handgun, even with a License to Carry, in the following locations:

  1. A business that gets 51 percent or more of its income from the sale of alcohol
  2. School, collegiate, or professional sporting events
  3. A correctional facility
  4. Hospitals and nursing facilities
  5. Amusement parks

Does Being Intoxicated Affect the Ability to Carry with a License to Carry?

Yes. It is an offense to carry a handgun, even with a License to Carry, if the person carrying the handgun is intoxicated.

Varghese Summersett

A motion to suppress evidence in Texas is a legal challenge brought by a defendant in a criminal case, asking the court to prevent prosecutors from introducing certain evidence against them at trial. If the motion is granted, it is often a game-changer for the defense because the evidence is thrown out (i.e. suppressed).

In this article, Board Certified Criminal Defense Attorney Benson Varghese explains how a motion to suppress evidence in Texas works, common scenarios when it might be filed, and the impact it can have on the outcome of a criminal case.

First, please watch this informative video:

Motion to Suppress Evidence in Texas: Texas Code of Criminal Procedure 38.23

A motion to suppress evidence in Texas is a formal legal request made by a defendant or their attorney. This request seeks to prohibit certain evidence from being presented in court, on the grounds that it was obtained illegally or in violation of the defendant’s constitutional rights.

Article 38.23 of the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure states that “no evidence obtained by an officer or another person in violation of any provisions of the Constitution or laws of the State of Texas, or of the Constitution or laws of the United States of America, shall be admitted in evidence against the accused on the trial of any criminal case.”

A motion to suppress is usually based on the grounds that:

1) the police obtained the evidence unlawfully or unconstitutionally;

2) there was an improper or illegal search, seizure, arrest, or interrogation;

3) the evidence was obtained in violation of a defendant’s right to remain silent;

4) the evidence was obtained in violation of the defendant’s Fourth Amendment rights; or

5) any other type of legal error associated with obtaining the evidence.

To prevail on a motion to suppress evidence in Texas, the defendant must prove there is a substantial likelihood that the evidence was obtained in a manner that is not allowed by either Texas law or the United States Constitution.

If successful in proving this, then the court will grant the motion and suppress (exclude) any evidence that was obtained as part of an unlawful search or seizure. Any further use of such evidence for trial purposes would be considered illegal and unconstitutional.

Reasons to file a motion to suppress

Reasons for Filing a Motion to Suppress Evidence

Understanding the circumstances that warrant the filing of a motion to suppress evidence in Texas is pivotal for someone accused of a crime, as well as the general public. This motion is a powerful tool in a  defense attorney’s arsenal, ensuring that constitutional rights are upheld and that trials are conducted fairly. Here are some common reasons why a motion to suppress evidence may be filed:

Unlawful Search and Seizure

Arguably the most common scenario, this pertains to violations of the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. Evidence obtained without a valid search warrant or outside the boundaries of an existing warrant can be suppressed.

Example: A police officer enters a person’s home without a warrant and finds illegal drugs. If the entry was without permission and no exigent circumstances existed, a motion to suppress could be filed and the drugs could be thrown out as evidence.

Failure to Provide Miranda Warnings

Before interrogating a suspect in custody, law enforcement officers are required to inform the individual of their Miranda rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to legal counsel. If these warnings are not given or not given properly, any statements or confessions made may be suppressed.

Example: A suspect is arrested and, without being read their Miranda rights, admits guilt during questioning. The confession could be excluded from evidence due law enforcement’s failure to provide proper warnings.

Involuntary or Coerced Confessions

A confession must be given voluntarily for it to be admissible in court. If a defendant can show that their confession was obtained through force, threats, psychological pressure, or other coercive methods, the confession can be suppressed.

Example: A person is detained and subjected to hours of aggressive interrogation without breaks, leading them to confess out of exhaustion. Such a confession might be deemed involuntary and suppressed.

Illegal Traffic Stops or Detentions

Evidence obtained from an unlawful traffic stop or an unjustified detention can be challenged and possibly suppressed.

Example: A driver is pulled over without any valid reason, and during the stop, the officer finds marijuana in the vehicle. The drugs might be excluded if the defense can show that police did not have reasonable suspicion to stop the vehicle in the first place.

Chain of Custody Issues

For evidence to be admissible, there must be a clear and unbroken chain of custody, ensuring it has not been tampered with or compromised. If there are gaps or issues in this chain, the integrity of the evidence can be called into question, leading to a motion to suppress.

Example: A blood sample is taken from a DWI suspect, but the storage and transfer logs show discrepancies, making it unclear if the sample was continuously handled properly. This could lead to a motion to suppress the blood test results. Without the blood, prosecutors may not have evidence that the driver’s BAC was over .08

Overbroad Warrants

While search warrants give law enforcement the authority to search specified areas for specific items, they must be clear and limited in scope. If a warrant is overly broad or vague, any evidence obtained may be suppressed.

Example: A warrant authorizes the search of a person’s living room for stolen electronics, but officers also search the bedroom and find unrelated illegal items. The evidence from the bedroom might be suppressed due to the overbroad nature of the warrant.

These are just some common scenarios that could warrant a motion to suppress evidence in Texas. This motion serves as a safeguard, ensuring that individuals’ rights are not violated during the legal process. Recognizing the scenarios under which this motion is commonly filed offers a clearer understanding of the protections in place within the U.S. justice system.

Types of Evidence that Can Be Excluded

Types of Evidence that May be Excluded

If a motion to suppress is granted, various types of evidence may be excluded from a criminal case. This could include:

1. Physical Evidence

Physical evidence refers to tangible items or material objects that are directly related to the case, such as weapons, drugs, stolen items, vehicles, photos or videos, or forensic samples. If obtained illegally, they can be excluded from the case.

2. Confessions

Confessions are admissions of guilt or statements that incriminate the individual making them. However, if they are obtained illegally, they can be kicked out.

3. Identification Testimonies

Identification testimony plays a crucial role in many criminal proceedings. At its core, it involves a witness, often a victim or another eyewitness, formally identifying a person as the perpetrator of a crime, usually through a lineup, photospread, or composite drawing. If this process is corrupt – sometimes by an officer suggesting who the perpetrator is – or coerced, this testimony may be excluded.

The Process of Filing a Motion to Suppress

1. Drafting the Motion

The defense attorney begins by drafting the motion, detailing the reasons and legal basis for requesting the suppression of the evidence.

2. Submission and Scheduling

Once drafted, the motion is filed with the court. A hearing date is then scheduled, where both parties will present their arguments.

3. The Hearing

At the hearing, the defense will argue why the evidence should be excluded, while the prosecution will counter, explaining its validity and relevance.

4. The Court’s Decision

After considering all arguments, the judge will make a decision. If the motion is granted, the evidence in question cannot be used in court. If denied, the evidence remains admissible.

The Impact on the Outcome of Cases

Once evidence is suppressed, it cannot be presented in court by the prosecution. This can be a turning point in a case. With pivotal evidence excluded, the prosecution’s case might be weakened, and they may find it challenging to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This could potentially lead to reduced charges, a more favorable plea bargain offer, or even dismissal of the case.

Why are Motions to Suppress Evidence in Texas Important?

In Texas, as with the broader U.S., the motion to suppress evidence underscores the justice system’s commitment to upholding individual rights and ensuring that due process is observed. It acts as a check and balance, preventing potential overreach by law enforcement and ensuring trials are fair and just.

Speak to an Experienced Fort Worth Defense Attorney

Filing a motion to suppress evidence is just one of the strategies criminal defense attorneys use to defend their clients. If you’re facing criminal charges, it’s important to understand your rights and explore every available legal strategy.

The experienced Fort Worth criminal defense attorneys at Varghese Summersett have a proven track record of success getting evidence thrown out because law enforcement cut corners or failed to do their job properly. Contact us today at 817-203-2220 for a free consultation and find out why we are the firm people turn to when facing the biggest problems of their lives

FAQs about Motions to Suppress Evidence in Texas

What is the main goal of a motion to suppress?

The goal is to exclude unlawfully obtained evidence from being used against a defendant in court.

Not necessarily. While suppression can weaken the prosecution’s case, other evidence may still exist that can prove the case.

The defendant’s attorney files the motion with the court in which the defendant’s case is assigned, outlining the reasons why specific evidence should be excluded.

No, the judge makes the final decision based on the merits of the motion and the facts and circumstances surrounding the evidence.

If denied, the evidence in question can be presented in court by the prosecution.

This often requires demonstrating violations of rights or procedural mistakes through witness testimonies, video footage, or other means.

Yes, the prosecution can appeal a judge’s decision to grant a motion to suppress.

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What is DWI Open Container in Texas?

Driving while intoxicated (DWI) is a serious offense in Texas and an open container enhances the punishment a person faces if convicted. This article provides a comprehensive overview of DWI with an open container in Texas, shedding light on the specifics of the law, its implications, and the potential consequences one might face.

Definition of “Open Container”

In Texas, an “open container” is more than just an unsealed bottle or can. It refers to any bottle, can, or other receptacle that contains any amount of alcoholic beverage in the passenger compartment of a vehicle. This encompasses containers that are open, have been opened, have a broken seal, or have partially removed contents.

Texas DWI Open Container Offense

While a first-time DWI offense is classified as a Class B misdemeanor, the introduction of an open container into the equation doubles the minimum jail term from 72 hours to six days. 

Why You Should Listen to Us

We have handled thousands of DWI cases and gone to trial hundreds of times. As Board Certified Criminal Lawyers, we are experts in criminal law. Our experience in the courtroom is reflected by the 650+ five-star reviews we have earned.

Areas and Exceptions to the Open Container Law

While the open container law is comprehensive, there are limitations to its scope. The open container cannot be in areas designed for seating or any area within the driver’s reach, such as glove compartments and storage spaces. However, there are exceptions. For instance, the trunk of a car or the living quarters of a motorhome are exempt. Additionally, passengers in certain types of vehicles, like limousines and buses, are not bound by the same restrictions, given the nature of these vehicles and the separation between passengers and drivers.

elements of intoxication assault in texas

Legally Possessing an Open Container in a Vehicle in Texas

While the open container laws in Texas are stringent, there are specific scenarios where possessing an open container in a vehicle is permissible:

  1. Vehicle Trunks: The most common legal location for an open container is the trunk of the car. If your vehicle doesn’t have a traditional trunk, such as in the case of SUVs or hatchbacks, the area behind the last row of upright seats is considered equivalent to a trunk.
  2. Locked Glove Compartments: Some interpretations of the law suggest that a locked glove compartment or a similar locked storage area in a vehicle might be permissible for storing open containers, though it’s always safer to opt for the trunk.
  3. Living Quarters of Motorhomes: If you’re traveling in a motorhome or RV, the living quarters are exempt from the open container law. This means that while the driver and front passenger area should be free of open containers, they can be present in the living or sleeping areas of the vehicle.
  4. Passenger Areas of Commercial Vehicles: In vehicles like limousines, buses, or taxis where there’s a clear separation between the driver’s seat and the passenger area, open containers can be legally present in the passenger section.
  5. Unopened Containers: It’s worth noting that the law specifically targets containers that are open or have been previously opened. A sealed bottle of wine or a can of beer that has never been opened doesn’t violate the open container law, even if it’s in the passenger area.

Punishment Range for DWI with Open Container in Texas

In Texas, the penalties for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) are already severe, but the presence of an open container in the vehicle at the time of the offense amplifies the consequences. A DWI Open Container (DWI OC) violation is treated as a Class B misdemeanor. However, the minimum jail term for this offense is notably higher than a standard DWI.

For a first-time DWI OC offense, the minimum jail term is six days, doubling the typical 72-hour minimum for a regular first-time DWI. Additionally, offenders can face fines of up to $2,000, license suspension, mandatory alcohol education programs, and potential community service. It’s also worth noting that subsequent offenses or the presence of other aggravating factors, such as a minor in the vehicle, can lead to even steeper penalties, including longer jail terms and higher fines.

The heightened penalties for DWI OC underscore the state’s commitment to deterring drunk driving and the additional risks associated with consuming alcohol within vehicles.

Penalties for Open Container Violations

Possession of an open container, even without a DWI charge, can result in a fine of up to $500. However, when combined with a DWI charge, the penalties are more severe, often involving jail time, hefty fines, and potential license suspension. It’s a clear message from the state: mixing alcohol and driving is a dangerous cocktail.

 DWI (Driving While Intoxicated)DWI OC (Driving While Intoxicated Open Container)
ClassificationClass B MisdemeanorClass B Misdemeanor
Minimum Jail Term72 hours6 days
Maximum FineUp to $2,000Up to $2,000
Mandatory EducationAlcohol education programAlcohol education program

Open Container in Relation to DWI Charges

Interestingly, it’s possible to face open container charges even without accompanying DWI charges. This means that even if you’re not intoxicated, having an open container in your vehicle can lead to legal repercussions. Conversely, an open container violation can also accompany DWI charges, adding another layer of complexity to the legal scenario.

Contact Us

If you find yourself facing charges related to DWI or open container violations, it’s essential to act promptly. Varghese Summersett is here to assist. With a team of seasoned attorneys, we offer expert guidance through the legal maze. Don’t delay; call us today at (817) 203-2220 or contact us online.